A study conducted at Panembahan Senopati Hospital and Yogyakarta Respira Lung Hospital from January to March 2023 found no significant relationship between age, gender, education, employment, marital status, family TB history, or prior TB history with pulmonary TB in DM patients. However, low-income DM patients had a 0.43 times higher risk of developing pulmonary TB, and BMI status was significantly associated with TB incidence. Additionally, DM patients experiencing TB-related symptoms had a higher risk, but no association was found between TB incidence and alcohol consumption, smoking, family support, or home environmental conditions.[1]
Gender emerged as a key risk factor in the multivariate analysis, with female DM patients showing a 9.60 times higher risk of developing TB compared to males. However, the confidence interval (CI = 0.10-1.01) suggests borderline statistical significance. Interestingly, multivariate analysis did not confirm an association between clinical symptoms and TB incidence.[1]
The study highlights BMI, income level, and gender as significant risk factors for pulmonary TB in DM patients. However, the small sample size (n=52) limits the study’s power, making some findings less stable. Additionally, the study does not account for potential interactions between variables, such as gender and BMI, which may have influenced the results.[1]
References:
1. Nuraisyah, F., Juliana, N., Astaria, D., Khalisah, N., Al Fatih, D.M.F., Dewi, S.K. and Marwati, T., 2024. Risk Factors of Pulmonary Tuberculosis in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Yogyakarta. Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health, 9(2), pp.194-203.
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