Self-efficacy in tuberculosis patients

Several studies demonstrate the positive impact of health education and self-management interventions on improving self-efficacy and treatment adherence in pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) patients. Jauhar et al. (2019) reported a significant increase in self-efficacy following an intervention (p = 0.001), while no change was observed in the control group. Similarly, Nuwa and Kiik (2021) found that self-management education significantly enhanced both self-efficacy and patient knowledge (p = 0.000). Haskas et al. (2023) also confirmed an increase in self-efficacy after health education (p = 0.02). Liu et al. (2023) highlighted a correlation between self-efficacy, quality of life, and health literacy. Lucya and Nuryanti (2022) showed that video-based health education effectively improved self-efficacy (p < 0.05), while Adiutama and Fauzi (2020) demonstrated broader improvements, including better health behaviors, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control, compliance with treatment and prevention, and nutritional management.[1]

Other studies reinforce the importance of knowledge and education in ensuring treatment adherence. Zahroh et al. (2023) identified knowledge as the dominant factor influencing adherence among TB patients. Iskandar et al. (2023) found that self-care management education improved both medication adherence and regular control visits. Bao et al. (2022) reported enhanced self-management behaviors following educational interventions, and Endah Kurniasih et al. (2020) demonstrated improved adherence through audiovisual education based on the health belief model (p < 0.05). Collectively, these findings emphasize that health education is essential for managing chronic diseases such as TB, diabetes, and hypertension. It fosters self-management, medication adherence, physical activity, nutrition, and prevention of disease transmission (Nuwa & Kiik, 2021). Additionally, family and community support play a crucial role in enhancing psychological well-being and coping mechanisms, ultimately increasing the likelihood of treatment completion in pulmonary TB patients. Systematic reviews consistently confirm the effectiveness of self-management education in improving self-efficacy and adherence in this population.[1]

References:

1. Rochmah, A.F., Zahroh, C., Nadatien, I., Setiyowati, E., & Hidaayah, N. (2024). Does education influence self-efficacy in tuberculosis patients? A systematic review. Journal of Applied Nursing and Health, 6(1), 128–138.