A study aimed to evaluate how the triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index and its related parameters correlate with the risk of latent TB infection in adults, considering different states of glucose metabolism. Drawing from the NHANES 2011–2012 data, researchers analyzed 4823 participants after strict exclusion criteria. The TyG index was calculated alongside its derived markers (TyG-WC, TyG-BMI, TyG-WHtR), and TB infection was assessed using standard diagnostic tests.
The results revealed that individuals with normal glucose tolerance (NGT) and those with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) had significantly higher odds of TB infection when TyG index values were elevated. Particularly in the NGT group, even modest increases in TyG values were linked to a notable rise in TB risk. In contrast, no significant relationship was found between TyG markers and TB infection in people with diabetes (DM) or impaired fasting glucose (IFG).
While the findings support TyG as a potential early marker of TB susceptibility in metabolically healthier adults, the study design limits causal inferences. Additionally, the extremely high odds ratios in some subgroups call for careful interpretation and further research to confirm these patterns and understand the underlying mechanisms.
Source: Qi, M., Qiao, R. and He, J.Q., 2025. The association between triglyceride-glucose index and related parameters and risk of tuberculosis infection in American adults under different glucose metabolic states: a cross-sectional study. BMC Public Health, 25(1), pp.1-11.
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