The epidemiology of pulmonary TB in Indonesia based on SKI 2023 data

Who

The study population consisted of households in Indonesia included in the Indonesian Health Survey (Survei Kesehatan Indonesia, SKI) 2023. The population covered approximately 104,000 households, with a sample size of 345,000 households used for the Basic Health Research (Riskesdas). The analysis examined pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) cases across demographic characteristics such as age, sex, education level, occupation, economic status, and place of residence.

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What

This study analyzed the epidemiology of pulmonary tuberculosis in Indonesia based on SKI 2023 data. The highest TB prevalence was observed among older adults aged 65–74 years (0.59%), followed by those aged 55–64 years (0.51%) and ≥75 years (0.50%). TB prevalence was higher among males (0.38%; 168,439 cases) than females (0.22%; 95,539 cases). Higher prevalence was found among individuals with low educational attainment, particularly elementary school graduates or those with no formal education. By occupation, TB prevalence was highest among fishermen (0.50%), followed by farmers/agricultural laborers (0.41%) and laborers/drivers/domestic workers (0.40%). TB prevalence was also higher among individuals with lower economic status, and cases were more common in urban areas than rural areas. The findings indicate that pulmonary TB in Indonesia disproportionately affects socially and economically vulnerable populations.

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When

The study was conducted in December 2024, using secondary data collected from the Indonesian Health Survey 2023.

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Where

The study was conducted in Indonesia, with analysis comparing urban and rural areas nationwide.

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Why

The research aimed to address the need for updated epidemiological evidence on pulmonary TB in Indonesia, particularly to understand how TB prevalence varies by population characteristics and place of residence, in order to inform public health planning and TB control strategies.

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How

This was a descriptive observational study using secondary data from SKI 2023. The sampling method applied was systematic sampling with implicit stratification. Data were analyzed descriptively to assess TB prevalence according to individual characteristics (person) and geographic setting (place).

Source: Handayani, L., 2024. Studi Epidemiologi Tuberkulosis Paru (TB) di Indonesia: Temuan Survey Kesehatan Indonesia (SKI) 2023. Jurnal Kendari Kesehatan Masyarakat, 4(1), pp.59-67.