Ending TB in Southeast Asia

TB0036

Bhatia V, Srivastava R, Reddy KS, et al. Ending TB in Southeast Asia: current resources are not enough. BMJ Global Health 2020;5:e002073. doi:10.1136/ bmjgh-2019-002073

  • In 2018, TB incidence declined but remained high in the WHO Southeast Asia Region (WHO SEAR).
  • WHO SEAR consists of 11 member states: Bangladesh, Bhutan, Democratic People’s Republic of Korea, India, Indonesia, Maldives, Myanmar, Nepal, Sri Lanka, Thailand, and Timor-Leste.
  • The region accounts for nearly half of all new TB cases and over 50% of TB deaths globally (excluding TB-HIV coinfection).
  • Thailand is the only high-burden country in the region with high domestic spending on TB.
  • Increased spending on TB is necessary to prevent it from remaining a serious threat by 2030.
  • Bangladesh, India, and Indonesia need to increase their health sector allocations due to currently low public health spending.
  • Rapid expansion of future funding requires strengthening the capacity to absorb and efficiently spend funds across the region.
  • Domestic financing will be crucial for sustainability, with taxes being an important channel for additional funding.
  • Donor funding remains key for low-income countries and is vital for global TB programs.
  • International development agencies need to collaborate with national governments to generate additional resources and provide technical support.
  • Engaging the private sector in TB programs can help raise funding and enhance response effectiveness.
  • Corporate Social Responsibility mandates in some countries should be leveraged to increase resources.
  • Results-based financing can improve spending efficiency and reduce the need for additional resources in resource-constrained settings.

    • [Yoseph Samodra]

    Comments

    Post a Comment

    Popular posts from this blog

    Nutritional status in patients with TB and DM

    Patel, D.G., Baral, T., Kurian, S.J., Malakapogu, P., Saravu, K. and Miraj, S.S., 2024. Nutritional status in patients with tuberculosis and diabetes mellitus: A comparative observational study.  Journal of Clinical Tuberculosis and Other Mycobacterial Diseases ,  35 , p.100428. Cardiovascular disease prevalence was highest in the DM group, followed by the TB-DM group. Anaemia was more prevalent in the TB-DM group. Smoking and alcohol use were most common in the TB group, followed by the TB-DM group. See also: TB and kidney function impairment In the TB-DM group, HbA1c levels indicated poor diabetic control (10.47%), higher than in the DM group (8.17%). FBS was also above normal in the TB-DM group, followed by the DM group. Although there were no significant differences in nutritional parameters like albumin, globulin, and total proteins, vitamin B12 levels were highest in the TB-DM group. Notably, 95.83% of patients in the TB-DM group had HbA1c > 6.5, with similarly high FBS and RB
    Read more

    Scientific advances and the end of tuberculosis

    Reid, M., Agbassi, Y.J.P., Arinaminpathy, N., Bercasio, A., Bhargava, A., Bhargava, M., Bloom, A., Cattamanchi, A., Chaisson, R., Chin, D. and Churchyard, G., 2023. Scientific advances and the end of tuberculosis: a report from the Lancet Commission on Tuberculosis.  The Lancet ,  402 (10411), pp.1473-1498. Progress toward ending tuberculosis varies greatly across countries, with some achieving substantial improvements and others making minimal progress. Key challenges include frail health systems, underinvestment, and reliance on one-size-fits-all approaches. Insufficient case finding and diagnosis remain the most significant issues in high-burden countries, where only 38% of all tuberculosis cases were tested with WHO-recommended rapid molecular diagnostics in 2021. Two-thirds of tuberculosis deaths occurred in just eight countries, with over half of these in India, Indonesia, and Nigeria. Despite these challenges, some sub-Saharan African countries have seen improvements in tubercul
    Read more

    Impact of diabetes on tuberculosis and MDRTB susceptibility

    There is a significant association between diabetes mellitus (DM) and multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB). TB patients without DM have a lower risk of developing MDR-TB compared to those with DM. Factors contributing to MDR-TB emergence in TB patients with DM include: Impaired immune function Altered microbial genomics Uncontrolled glucose levels, increasing susceptibility to MDR-TB Compromised phagocytic activity and reduced chemotactic response Increased oxidative species and microbe proliferation Altered drug disposition Higher likelihood of non-adherence to treatment TB patients with DM also experience higher treatment failure rates compared to those without DM. Most information on these associations is based on self-reported data or patient health records, which may introduce assessment errors Rehman Au, Khattak M, Mushtaq U, Latif M, Ahmad I, Rasool MF, Shakeel S, Hayat K, Hussain R, Alhazmi GA, Alshomrani AO, Alalawi MI, Alghamdi S, Imam MT, Almarzoky Abuhussain SS, Khayya
    Read more