Association between long-term exposure to ambient air pollutants and the risk of TB

TB0039

Lu, J.W., Mao, J.J., Zhang, R.R., Li, C.H., Sun, Y., Xu, W.Q., Zhuang, X., Zhang, B. and Qin, G., 2023. Association between long-term exposure to ambient air pollutants and the risk of tuberculosis: A time-series study in Nantong, China. Heliyon, 9(6).

  • Increased concentrations of PM2.5, PM10, and NO2 are associated with increased TB risk after adjusting for various factors.
  • No modifying effect of sex and age on the association between air pollutants and TB risk.
  • PM2.5 and PM10 share mechanisms that enable M. tb to colonize deep lung tissues and disrupt iron balance in respiratory cells.
  • PM exposure can lead to senescence of alveolar type II epithelial cells, downregulate antimicrobial peptides (HBD-2 and HBD-3), and increase intracellular M. tb growth.
  • PM exposure can damage antibacterial T-cell immune function.
  • NO2 exposure can damage airway mucosa and mucosal ciliary clearance, facilitating pathogen entry to the lungs.
  • Prolonged NO2 exposure reduces host resistance to M. tb by lowering mRNA expression levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α).
  • Satellite-collected monthly air pollutant concentration levels may not accurately reflect individual exposure levels.
  • Reducing air pollution might positively impact TB prevention and control.

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